#Arabic Grammar

[arabic-langblr]

I noticed that most of my grammar lessons are beginniner/intermediate.

I'm thinking of preparing a small series of advanced Arabic grammar (on topics like the morphological scale, 'arūd (poetry), conjugation, etc).

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Arabic Essential Grammar #6 - The Dual

Hello hello, back again with something that really stumped me when I first started learning Arabic. The Dual!

In most languages, there is a singular form and a plural form, but in Arabic, they also have a Dual form! Used to refer to pairs of something or two people, it adds an ending to verbs/nouns which, you guessed it, then have their own conjugations!

It sounds really overwhelming, but in practice it isn't too difficult. In colloquial Arabic, the dual is really only used in regards to periods of time ( two hours ) or the parts of the body ( two eyes).

Endings

The nominative dual ending is: انِ

The accusative and genitive ending is: ...يْنِ

This is added to the singular of the word after removal of the case ending. For example:

From right to left: two books (nom.dual), book (nom)

كِتَابَانِ ------- كِتَابٌ

From right to left: two books (acc/gen.dual), book (acc)

كِتَابَيْنِ -------- كِتَابً

Special notes

If the noun ends in a taa marbuuta (), it becomes a regular ta () before the ending is added.

From right to left: Lady ( nominative), two ladies (nom.dual), two ladies (gen/acc.dual

سَيِّدَةٌ -------سَيِّدَتَانِ -------سَيِّدَتَيْنِ

If the noun ends in a hamza (), it changes into a waw () before the ending is added.

From right to left: desert ( nominative), two deserts (nom.dual), two deserts (gen/acc.dual)

صَحْرَاءٌ ------ صَحْرَاوَانِ ------- صَحْرَاوَيْنِ

Adjectives must agree with the nouns, and so they are also in dual.

عَندها عَيْنَانِ كَبِيْرَتَانِ

she had two large eyes.

If you're confused by what I mean by nominative, accusative and genitive, then please check out Arabic Essential Grammar #1!

Thanks for reading! Next week, I'm thinking of explaining either comparative/superlative or focusing on prepositions and their accompanying cases. Let me know what you want me to cover!

[languagexs]

Unraveling the Similarities and Differences of Persian vs Arabic Languages

Persian vs Arabic: Unraveling the Intricacies of Two Distinct Languages Persian and Arabic may share the same script, but they are vastly different languages with unique pronunciations, grammar, vocabulary and more. This article unravels the key similarities and differences to understand the nuances between these intricate languages. As two of the most widely spoken languages in the Middle…

[3arabiantutors]

Discover 3arabian: Learn Arabic Grammar Online with Expert Tutors

Want to master Arabic? Discover 3arabian’s online grammar courses with flexible schedules and expert guidance. Join us today and start learning at your pace!

Discover 3arabian!

[journeytoallah]

Learn Quran Without Grammar - Past Tense

In this section, we will learn how to understand the meaning of Quranic words without any grammar rules. Please use the menu bar at the top to navigate. This page aims to identify past tense verbs in Arabic without grammar.  Yes, we will just look at the word and determine its meaning. Before we start, you need to know what fathah, kasrah, and dammah mean. When we talk with someone, we use…

[teaching-arabic-language]

ARABIC GRAMMAR EXERCISES SIMPLE RULES AND EXAMPLES

Arabic grammar exercises may seem daunting at first, but with the right approach and understanding, mastering it can be a rewarding experience. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the essential rules of Arabic grammar with clear explanations and practical examples. Whether you’re a beginner or looking to refine your skills, these simple rules and examples will help you navigate the intricacies of Arabic grammar with confidence.

Introduction

Arabic grammar exercises forms the foundation of the language, governing how words are structured and sentences are formed. By understanding the basic rules of Arabic grammar, learners can communicate effectively and express themselves with clarity.

Understanding Arabic Sentence Structure

In Arabic, the typical sentence structure follows a Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) pattern. For example:

Arabic: “ذهبتُ إلى المكتبة اليوم.”

English: “I went to the library today.”

Here, the subject “I” (أنا) performs the action of going (ذهبتُ) to the library (إلى المكتبة) today (اليوم).

Verb Conjugation in Arabic

Arabic verbs undergo various changes based on tense, person, and gender. Let’s consider an example:

Arabic: “أكتبُ رسالةً.”

English: “I write a letter.”

In this sentence, the verb “أكتبُ” (I write) is conjugated to match the first person singular pronoun “أنا” (I).

Noun and Pronoun Usage

Nouns and pronouns play a crucial role in Arabic sentences, indicating subjects, objects, and possession. For instance:

Arabic: “الطالبُ يقرأ الكتاب.”

English: “The student reads the book.”

Here, “الطالبُ” (the student) is the subject performing the action of reading (يقرأ) “الكتاب” (the book).

Prepositions in Arabic

Prepositions are essential for indicating relationships between words in Arabic sentences. Consider this example:

Arabic: “أنا في المنزل.”

English: “I am at home.”

The preposition “في” (in/at) indicates the location of the subject “أنا” (I) as “المنزل” (home).

Reading and Writing Practice

Practicing reading and writing is vital for reinforcing Arabic grammar concepts. Try writing paragraphs or short stories using the grammar rules discussed above. For example:

Arabic: “اكتب فقرةً عن يومك اليوم.”

English: “Write a paragraph about your day today.”

Conclusion

Mastering Arabic grammar exercises takes time and practice, but with dedication and perseverance, anyone can achieve fluency. By understanding the fundamental rules and practicing regularly, learners can unlock the beauty of the Arabic language and communicate effectively with others.

FAQs

Q: How can I improve my Arabic grammar skills?

A: Practice regularly, seek guidance from tutors or language partners, and immerse yourself in Arabic media.

Q: Are there any shortcuts to learning Arabic grammar?

A: While there are no shortcuts, consistent practice and exposure to the language can accelerate your learning process.

Q: What are some common mistakes to avoid in Arabic grammar?

A: Avoid literal translations from English, pay attention to verb conjugations, and practice using prepositions correctly.

Q: How long does it take to master Arabic grammar?

A: The time it takes to master Arabic grammar varies for each individual, depending on factors such as prior language learning experience and dedication to practice.

Q: Where can I find additional resources for learning Arabic grammar?

A: Explore online courses, textbooks, language exchange forums, and Arabic language apps for additional practice and support.

About Author: Mr.Mahmoud Reda

Meet Mahmoud Reda, a seasoned Arabic language tutor with a wealth of experience spanning over a decade. Specializing in teaching Arabic and Quran to non-native speakers, Mahmoud has earned a reputation for his exceptional expertise and dedication to his students' success.

Mahmoud's educational journey led him to graduate from the renowned "Arabic Language" College at Al-Azhar University in Cairo. Holding the esteemed title of Hafiz and possessing Igaza, Mahmoud's qualifications underscore his deep understanding and mastery of the Arabic language.

Born and raised in Egypt, Mahmoud's cultural background infuses his teaching approach with authenticity and passion. His lifelong love for Arabic makes him a natural educator, effortlessly connecting with learners from diverse backgrounds.

What sets Mahmoud apart is his native proficiency in Egyptian Arabic, ensuring clear and concise language instruction. With over 10 years of teaching experience, Mahmoud customizes lessons to cater to individual learning styles, making the journey to fluency both engaging and effective.

Ready to embark on your Arabic learning journey? Connect with Mahmoud Reda at ustazmahmoud184@gmail.com for online Arabic and Quran lessons. Start your exploration of the language today and unlock a world of opportunities with Mahmoud as your trusted guide.

In conclusion, Mahmoud Reda's expertise and passion make him the ideal mentor for anyone seeking to master Arabic. With his guidance, language learning becomes an enriching experience, empowering students to communicate with confidence and fluency. Don't miss the chance to learn from Mahmoud Reda and discover the beauty of the Arabic language.

[anyarabic]

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[polyglotnotes]

- VSO language

- No need for verb when mentioning what people do. "person+profession is enough"

- Same thing when equating a noun and an adjective: "person smart" is enough. No need for "is"

- No determinative

- Noun adj. ((wa) adj.)

- Person min (from) place

- /aaii/ is right before the person you're speaking with to show the message is for them.

[hopelesslovebug]

i just heard a bad BAD take about abdul's name so giving my wisdom to the people as an egyptian muslim

DO NOT trust anyone who tells you that his name is blasphemy in any way IT'S NOT

let me start with the easy one. "avdol" isn't a real name, it doesn't exist. this is just a misspell/mistranslation but honestly i don't have anything against people who use it to refer to mohamed because misspells and mistranslations of names will always exist in every language, even in arabic there are misspells of english names and it's bad let me tell you

"abdul" is a shortened version of multiple names actually like "abdullah", "abdulhai", "abdalmonem" and "abdulfattah" but it also can be a name on its own. my uncle is literally named "abdul". it is a name you can not deny it, tho it's pronounced "abdo/عبدو" not "abdul/عبدل" but like.... misspells and mistranslations like i told you is language biggest enemy

(quick arabic lesson i guess but you can remove anything in the structure of sentences and words in arabic -but with rules ofc- in "abdullah" i simply removed god's name so the name rn just means slave "عبد" but i add the letter "و" to refer to god so now i have the name "abdo" that means the same thing as "abdullah" which is "servent of god")

anyways pronouncing or writing any arabic name wrong is NEVER a blasphemy who ever said it is was stretching very hard bro

but it doesn't matter how you choose to refer to him just enjoy the character you know, a name shouldn't be an obstacle

[hammill-goes-fogwalking]

The issues & beauties of German music

(70s Kraut Rock )

Here, NOT ONE SINGLE SOUL talks about Krautrock 🌿 it seems like dead & forgotten (except CAN)

which is sad about this phenomenon :/ the only ones paying attention are prog magazines and music connoisseurs

Everyone talks about the Scorpions and Rammstein (in fact it's quality). Sometimes Boney M but... it's always the same: good music is too elite for the masses.

Even the band Eloy. Prog fans love them- the most listeners come from other places of the earth but not their origin country. Often a fault of the music industry, critics as well as the radio stations which really neglected these now in modern times.

//

The rhymes & language, pronunciation

Sure, worse languages exist. But to be honest, can you relax, with the German language? There's no flow at all, nothing like Italian or, you know, English. It's a popular opinion and what speaks against it?

Depends on the way someone sings and per region there is a difference but some harshness is always there.

//

Sung in English example: Eloy (again)

Some people are totally fine with the accent (their whole discography is in English sung by Frank Bornemann!!) others have problems getting into this band. Depends on the listener.

What often happened was that the groups had a British singer...

//

Old fashioned names

For example British rock: someone asks you, you say your idol is some random Jeff or Pete or whatever their names are. What about German musician's names? They're called Dieter or Jogi or Herbert or Udo

"Who's your favourite musician?" - Jürgen xy (sorry shouldn't sound mean)

People make jokes about old fashioned names, then why blaming yourself and getting sideeyed.

This is all a matter of coolness, let's move to the music...

//

A few information

Okay don't judge (seems extremely stereotype now) the people, musicians of the 60s and 70s were the first generation after WW2. You can imagine. The children of ex- patriots. They wanted to change something. BUT!! They were BOUND in the roots of their country.

There was a scene and later with many students and discotheques. There were artists from all over the world. The music is innovative and you can hear it even clearly. You can also hear their protest, spirit and the diversity of sounds.

There is nothing you can call THE Kraut. It's practically impossible to sum the sound up. Actually it's not a genre. That one word represents all the music made in Germany

//

An example.

You hear the instruments? The bass, drums, hard guitar, organs, saxophone EVERYTHING WORKS. SO FINE MUSIC.

Listen to it, create your own opinion.

Notes

1. So many songs by this one group called Lied des Teufels? Yeah. They're not known at all. That singer sounds like imitating Ian Gillan- Everyone can TRY to copy but they do it in their own style which is not copying, it's storytelling. (Kind of)

2. THE WHOLE THING SHOULD NOT MAKE ME SEEM PASSIONATE OR SOMETHING BECAUSE I DISCOVERED KRAUT LITERALLY YESTERDAY

3. Probably it's something that gets boring really fast

//

So...

Skillful musicians w/ ability to express themselves and the problems of their country. Wether the singing style is something for you or not- there are countless of other groups.

We HAVE TO speak about these forgotten acts again & give it a chance

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I have a question regarding tanween pronunciation. I came across Quranic Surah 79 (An-Nazi'at), verse # 16. The verse ends in the word Tuwa. In that word there is a tanween on the waaw and then yaa comes after it. My question is why is the tanween not pronounced here? The tanween is on the second-to-last word (waaw) not on the last word (yaa). So then, why isn't it recited as tuwan? What can be other similar instances in the Quran where tanween will not be pronounced?

Salaam anon,

This isn't a just tajweed question, it's also a grammar question ^^

The word in the example you're using طُوًى is an example of an اسم مق����ر ism maqṣūr, which means that it's a noun that ends with ى alif maqṣūra, as long as the ḥaraka on the letter before the ى is fatḥa.

Other words are هُدَى - فَتَى - لَيْلَى - مَرْمَى - مَشْفَى etc...

Keep in mind that tanween only comes at the end of the word. But here, the rule for this type of noun is that the tanween or fatḥa is placed on the letter before the ى, in case of طُوًى . In this case, the tanween is the a marker of conjugation حَرَكة إعراب of the word, ie it tells us what role the word plays in a sentence.

In case of the "ism maqṣūr" has a different place in the sentence, for example where a word would normally have ḍamma or kasra at the end, the ism maqṣūr will not have a haraka, more like it will be estimated مُقَدَّرَة since it will be heavy to pronounce.

For example رَأْيْتُ فَتًى I saw a boy vs قَال الفَتى the boy said

In رَأْيْتُ فَتًى the ḥaraka at the end is the appropriate ḥaraka in this context. فَتًى is the object (the receiver) of the verb so the ḥaraka as tanween fatḥ is appropriate.

In قَالَ الفَتى, the word الفَتى is the subject (the doer), and usually under normal circumstances, these get ḍamma, but we said that ism maqṣūr needs fatḥa before the ى, so what's the solution? Estimated ḥaraka.

If you need more details about estimated ḥarakat let me know, but I'm going through the concept real quick here.

As for why we didn't pronounce the word طُوًى, it's because it came at the end of the word. But since it's the marker of conjugation حَرَكة إعراب, as you know, when we stop at a word, we don't read the last ḥaraka, and the word طُوًى was at the end of the aya (verse) of the surah, so we stopped and didn't pronounce the last ḥaraka.

As I said before, since it's اسم مقصور, the "last ḥaraka" status is given to the letter before ى. This is why it wasn't pronounced.

[glumblr]

Arabic Essential Grammar #7 - Dual Verbs and Pronouns

Helllooo! Sorry that this weeks is a little late!

Following on from last week's introduction of the dual, I thought it might be a good time to look at the dual form of verbs and the dual pronouns.

These are used for saying phrases like "both of you ate the food", "they both looked strange" etch., specifying two people! This is something built into the grammar, and all in all, it's not as common as other forms (how often do you refer to just 2 of something??) but it's an important feature of Arabic!

With that let's get started~

Dual Pronouns

The bad news - you have to learn another 2 pronouns. The good news - thankfully, the dual is used for both genders ( you don't have a separate pronoun to refer to"2 women", for example.) NOTE: if you are using a gendered dual ( e.g. 2 girls (البنتان)), then you must use the corresponding gendered verb. Only the pronouns are non-gender specific.

Here they are:

انتما

هما

the top one is 'antumma (you two) and the bottom is humma (them two).

Subject Verb agreement is very important in Arabic, so here's how to form a dual verb to match these pronouns.

Dual verbs

Like nouns, the dual marker with verbs is ـان. However, if the verb is in the accusative or the genitive (see this post for more info on cases), the ن is dropped. For example:

أكل -- يأكلان --تأكلان -- يأكلا--تأكلا

Above from right to left we have:

I/he ate (past tense sing/masc)

those two eat (masculine e.g. the two boys eat, nominative, present tense)

those two eat ( feminine, e.g. the two girls eat, nominative, present tense)

those two eat (masc, gen/acc, present)

those two eat (fem., gen/acc, present)

Try out some other form 1 verbs ( if you want to know more about forms, check out this post!)

See you again soon~

[birdylion]

Arabic is such a beautiful language. I've first admired the calligraphy, then the general alphabet, and now I'm watching a documentary (about 1001 nights) and some people in there talk in Arabic and I'm reminded again how beautiful it sounds, too

[ffsg0jo]

got my last exam today and then i can focus on writing more !!

[teaching-arabic-language]

MASTER THE BASICS OF ARABIC GRAMMAR

Are you ready to dive into the fascinating world of Arabic grammar? Whether you’re a beginner or looking to refresh your knowledge, mastering the basics of Arabic grammar is a crucial step towards fluency. In this article, we’ll break down the essential components of Arabic grammar in a way that’s easy to understand and apply.

Introduction

Arabic grammar may seem daunting at first, but with a structured approach, you can master it step by step. Think of it like building a house; you start with a strong foundation and gradually add more layers. Let’s start laying those bricks!

The Arabic Alphabet

The foundation of Arabic grammar is the Arabic alphabet. Arabic is written from right to left and consists of 28 letters. Each letter has four forms: isolated, initial, medial, and final. Getting familiar with these letters and their forms is your first step.

Arabic Pronouns

Pronouns in Arabic are used to indicate the subject or object in a sentence. They vary based on gender, number (singular, dual, and plural), and formality. Here are the basic personal pronouns:

أنا (ana) – I

أنتَ (anta) – You (male)

أنتِ (anti) – You (female)

هو (huwa) – He

هي (hiya) – She

Nouns and Gender

Arabic nouns are classified by gender: masculine or feminine. Generally, nouns ending in “ة” (taa marbuta) are feminine. Understanding the gender of nouns is crucial because it affects other parts of speech like adjectives and verbs.

Definite and Indefinite Nouns

Nouns in Arabic can be definite or indefinite. The definite article “ال” (al-) is added to the beginning of a noun to make it definite. For example:

كتاب (kitab) – a book (indefinite)

الكتاب (al-kitab) – the book (definite)

Arabic Verbs and Conjugation

Arabic verbs are based on a root system, typically consisting of three consonants. Verbs are conjugated to reflect the subject, tense, and mood. For example, the verb “كتب” (kataba) means “to write”:

أنا أكتب (ana aktubu) – I write

هو كتب (huwa kataba) – He wrote

Sentence Structure

Arabic sentence structure can be divided into nominal and verbal sentences.

Nominal sentences start with a noun or pronoun and are typically used for statements.

Example: الكتاب جديد (al-kitab jadid) – The book is new.

Verbal sentences start with a verb and are used to describe actions.

Example: كتب الولد رسالة (kataba al-walad risala) – The boy wrote a letter.

Adjectives and Agreement

Adjectives in Arabic must agree with the nouns they describe in gender, number, and case. For example, a feminine noun requires a feminine adjective:

سيارة جديدة (sayyara jadida) – a new car (feminine)

كتاب جديد (kitab jadid) – a new book (masculine)

Prepositions

Prepositions are used to indicate relationships between words in a sentence. Common prepositions include:

في (fi) – in

على (ala) – on

إلى (ila) – to

من (min) – from

Numbers and Counting

Arabic numbers follow a unique system. Numbers 1-10 have distinct forms, while numbers 11 and beyond follow a specific pattern. It’s essential to practice both cardinal and ordinal numbers for proficiency.

Common Grammatical Challenges

Learners often face challenges such as understanding dual forms, mastering verb conjugations, and distinguishing between similar-sounding letters. Regular practice and exposure to native Arabic can help overcome these hurdles.

Tips for Practicing Arabic Grammar

Consistency is Key: Practice regularly to reinforce new concepts.

Use Multimedia Resources: Leverage books, apps, and online courses.

Language Exchange: Engage with native speakers through language exchange programs.

Immerse Yourself: Watch Arabic movies, listen to Arabic music, and try to read Arabic texts.

Conclusion

Mastering the basics of Arabic grammar is an achievable goal with the right approach and resources. By understanding the fundamental structures and practicing regularly, you’ll build a solid foundation for further language acquisition.

FAQs

How long does it take to master basic Arabic grammar?

The time it takes varies depending on your learning pace and dedication. With consistent practice, you can grasp the basics in a few months.

Is Arabic grammar harder than other languages?Arabic grammar has its unique challenges, but with structured learning and practice, it can be as manageable as learning any other language.

What are the best resources for learning Arabic grammar?Books, online courses, language learning apps, and language exchange programs are excellent resources. Choose what fits your learning style best.

Can I learn Arabic grammar without a teacher?Yes, self-study is possible with the right resources. However, a teacher can provide valuable feedback and guidance.

5. How important is it to learn the Arabic script for grammar?Learning the script is crucial as it allows you to read, write, and understand the grammar rules more effectively.

About Author: Mr.Mahmoud Reda

Meet Mahmoud Reda, a seasoned Arabic language tutor with a wealth of experience spanning over a decade. Specializing in teaching Arabic and Quran to non-native speakers, Mahmoud has earned a reputation for his exceptional expertise and dedication to his students' success.

Mahmoud's educational journey led him to graduate from the renowned "Arabic Language" College at Al-Azhar University in Cairo. Holding the esteemed title of Hafiz and possessing Igaza, Mahmoud's qualifications underscore his deep understanding and mastery of the Arabic language.

Born and raised in Egypt, Mahmoud's cultural background infuses his teaching approach with authenticity and passion. His lifelong love for Arabic makes him a natural educator, effortlessly connecting with learners from diverse backgrounds.

What sets Mahmoud apart is his native proficiency in Egyptian Arabic, ensuring clear and concise language instruction. With over 10 years of teaching experience, Mahmoud customizes lessons to cater to individual learning styles, making the journey to fluency both engaging and effective.

Ready to embark on your Arabic learning journey? Connect with Mahmoud Reda at ustazmahmoud184@gmail.com for online Arabic and Quran lessons. Start your exploration of the language today and unlock a world of opportunities with Mahmoud as your trusted guide.

In conclusion, Mahmoud Reda's expertise and passion make him the ideal mentor for anyone seeking to master Arabic. With his guidance, language learning becomes an enriching experience, empowering students to communicate with confidence and fluency. Don't miss the chance to learn from Mahmoud Reda and discover the beauty of the Arabic language.